Dynamic Adaptive Scattering compensation Holography (DASH)-a fast-converging sensorless AO technique introduced recently for scatter compensation in nonlinear scanning microscopy-addresses this issue. However, for many applications such as live-tissue imaging, the speed of aberration correction remains a critical bottleneck. For highly scattering tissues, sensorless wavefront correction techniques exhibit robust performance and present a straight-forward implementation of AO.
Relate an integrated view of science and engineering by explaining the fundamental analogies between electronic, electromagnetic, and optical oscillators (lasers).Maximilian Sohmen*, Molly A.
#GAUSSIAN SOFTWARE ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE HOW TO#
Explain how to produce/extend the wavelength range of a laser using nonlinear optics.State some of the main applications of lasers.Distinguish the different types of lasers and their basic specifications, and be able to select the type of laser for a given set of specifications of wavelength, power, and pulse width.Interrelate laser power, pulse energy, and irradiance.Estimate the output power of a laser based on properties of the gain medium and cavity.Describe the operational principles of the laser.Describe how light is confined in an optical resonator and the resonator modes.Explain the concept of optical amplification by stimulated emission of radiation.Explain the basic phenomena involved in interaction of light with matter: absorption, emission, fluorescence.Understand the concept of the photon and describe the photon.Upon completing this course, the students will: modulation relaxation oscillations gain switching Q switching. Lasers( ring, standing wave, optimum output coupling problem) Laser Dynamics (solving rate equations) sub-threshold c.w. General Characteristics of Lasers Two three, four level lasers C.W.Laser Oscillation and Amplification: Threshold conditions Laser oscillation/amplification in homogeneous broadened medium Gain saturation in H.B.Atomic Radiation: Simple Harmonic Oscillator Einstein A&B coefficient approach Line shape functions Amplification by an atomic system.Resonant Optical Cavities: General concepts Cavity Q and Finesse Photon lifetime Cavities with gain.Optical Cavities: Gaussian beams in stable resonators ABCD law applied to optical cavities mode volume.Gaussian Beams: TEM00 modes Physical description of Gaussian beams, (Amplitude, radial and longitudinal phase) higher order modes ABCD Law for Gaussian beams,.Ray Tracing in an Optical System: Ray Matrices, Applications to optical cavities, Stability diagrams.The course ends with a brief introduction to nonlinear optics and its use for wavelength conversion (second-harmonic generation and frequency up- and down-conversion). Engineering applications, including devices such as scanners, CD players, and printers industrial applications such as cutting and welding and medical applications such as surgery, therapy, and diagnostics by means of imaging and spectroscopy. Basic characteristics and types of lasers including continuous wave and pulsed lasers are discussed. The laser is then introduced as an optical oscillator and compared to radio and microwave oscillators. Optical resonators are described as a means for optical feedback. Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation is introduced as the basis of optical amplifiers. Atomic transitions leading to fluorescence are introduced. The concept of the photon is first introduced and processes of interaction of light with matter for the absorption of light (and its application to detectors) and the generation of light via spontaneous and stimulated emission. This course is an introduction to the principles of operation and design of lasers.
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